Is central venous catheter in haemodialysis still the main factor of mortality after hospitalization?

BACKGROUND: Haemodialysis is the most frequently prescribed Renal Replacement Therapy modality worldwide. However, patients undergoing this therapy have an unpredictable evolution related to vascular access. OBJECTIVE: To determine the factors associated with the mortality and hospitalization rate in haemodialysis patients at a third-level care Centre in the Dominican Republic. METHODS: This was an observational and prospective study involving a cohort of 192 haemodialysis patients. The patient selection was non-probabilistic for convenience, and a direct source questionnaire was applied. RESULTS: Of the 192 patients in the cohort, 103 (53.6%) were hospitalized and evaluated. The most frequent cause of hospitalization was catheter-related bloodstream infections (53.4%). Almost one-third (28.2%) of the hospitalized patients died, mostly due to infections (12.6%). Of those who died 29 patients (90%) had a Central venous catheter (CVC) with a non-tunnelled catheter (NTCVC) (65.5%); having an NTC CVC makes a patient 85.5 times more likely to be hospitalized than patients with arteriovenous fistulas. CONCLUSION: Vascular access plays a predominant role in the hospitalization and mortality rates in haemodialysis. Patients with an arteriovenous fistula obtained significantly better outcomes than those with central venous catheters.

Educación terapéutica en insuficiencia cardiaca mediante e-Salud: revisión sistemática / Education interventions in heart failure using m-Health: Systematic review

Objetivo: Aportar la mejor evidencia científica disponible sobre la efectividad de los programas de educación terapéutica mediante salud digital en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca. Diseño: Revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados. Bases de datos: Se incluyeron 6 bases de datos por su relevancia en Ciencias de la Salud: PubMed, EMBASE, Scielo, Cochraine, CINAHL y Web of Science. Selección de los estudios: Se seleccionaron estudios realizados entre el año 2018 y 2023, en idioma inglés y español, tras evaluar la calidad metodológica de los estudios; se utilizó la herramienta Jadad para discriminar aquellos que no cumplían con dicha calidad. En total se incluyeron 8 artículos de 6 países diferentes. Extracción de datos: La revisión y análisis de los documentos se realizó por pares de manera independiente. Para evaluar el riesgo de sesgo se utilizó la herramienta Cochrane para ensayos clínicos aleatorizados RoB 2. Resultados: Todas las aplicaciones contaban con educación terapéutica; también se valoró que contasen con monitorización, evaluación de signos y síntomas, titulación de fármacos y seguimiento de profesionales a través de la aplicación. Conclusión: Esta revisión revela el impacto significativo de la educación terapéutica en el aumento de conocimiento del paciente, la reducción de reingresos hospitalarios y la mejora del estado funcional y el autocuidado. Esto convierte a la salud digital en una herramienta válida para complementar la atención enfermera en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca.(AU)

Objective: To provide the best scientific evidence available on the effectiveness of therapeutic education programs through digital health in patients with heart failure. Design: Systematic review of randomized clinical trials. Data sources: Six databases were included due to their relevance in Health Sciences: PubMed, EMBASE, Scielo, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Web of Science. Selection of studies: In English and Spanish, studies carried out between 2018 and 2023 were selected. After evaluating the methodological quality of the studies, the Jadad tool was used to discriminate those that did not meet said quality. In total, 8 articles from 6 different countries were included. Data extraction: The review and analysis of the documents were carried out by independent pairs. The Cochrane tool for RoB 2 randomized clinical trials was used to assess the risk of bias. Results: All the applications had therapeutic education, it was also assessed that they had monitoring, evaluation of signs and symptoms, drug titration, and professional follow-up through the application. Conclusion: This review reveals the significant impact of therapeutic education in increasing patient knowledge, reducing hospital readmissions, and improving functional status and self-care. This makes digital health a valuable tool to complement nursing care in patients with heart failure.(AU)

[Education interventions in heart failure using m-Health: Systematic review]. / Educación terapéutica en insuficiencia cardiaca mediante e-Salud: revisión sistemática.

OBJECTIVE: To provide the best scientific evidence available on the effectiveness of therapeutic education programs through digital health in patients with heart failure. DESIGN: Systematic review of randomized clinical trials. DATA SOURCES: Six databases were included due to their relevance in Health Sciences: PubMed, EMBASE, Scielo, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Web of Science. SELECTION OF STUDIES: In English and Spanish, studies carried out between 2018 and 2023 were selected. After evaluating the methodological quality of the studies, the Jadad tool was used to discriminate those that did not meet said quality. In total, 8 articles from 6 different countries were included. DATA EXTRACTION: The review and analysis of the documents were carried out by independent pairs. The Cochrane tool for RoB 2 randomized clinical trials was used to assess the risk of bias. RESULTS: All the applications had therapeutic education, it was also assessed that they had monitoring, evaluation of signs and symptoms, drug titration, and professional follow-up through the application. CONCLUSION: This review reveals the significant impact of therapeutic education in increasing patient knowledge, reducing hospital readmissions, and improving functional status and self-care. This makes digital health a valuable tool to complement nursing care in patients with heart failure.

Reduced phosphorus is associated with older age and hypoalbuminemia. Risk factors for all-cause mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Introduction/aim: Hyperphosphatemia is a mortality risk factor in dialysis patients; however, low phosphorus levels too. Diabetes and malnutrition are strongly associated with mortality and with reduced serum phosphorus. This study analyzed the pattern of serum phosphorus in patients on Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) and its association with mortality. Methods: A Secondary analysis was performed on a multicenter cohort study in peritoneal dialysis patients from two previous studies done by our group. Results: Six hundred fifty-four patients were included. Serum phosphorus was <3.6 mg/dL in 28.29% of patients, 3.6 to 5.2 mg/dL in 48.16%, and >5.2 mg/dL in 23.55%. In logistic regression analysis; education, age, and hypoalbuminemia were risk factors for low P levels. In multivariate Cox analysis P < 3.6 mg/dL, age, and low albumin were predictors for all-cause mortality. When lower P and lower albumin were combined, this group had the highest risk for all cause and cardiovascular mortality. Conclusion: The frequency of patients with reduced serum phosphorus was higher in the Mexican population than in Europe or Asia. Low serum phosphorus levels, older age and hypoalbuminemia were risk factors for all-cause mortality. Low phosphorus combined with low albumin levels were the highest risk factor for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.

Development of Communication Skills Through Virtual Reality on Nursing School Students: Clinical Trial.

Multiple studies demonstrate benefits of virtual simulations as recreation of reality in the development of instrumental skills, but few randomized studies prove its efficacy in the development of communication and interpersonal relationships skills. The objective was to develop a virtual reality simulator to improve communication skills and compare its results with a traditional workshop based on cases and theoretical content explained through video. This is a randomized and controlled clinical trial, with a pretest and a posttest. Participants were first-year students from the Faculty of Nursing, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain (n = 100). The sample was divided into two groups: the intervention group (n = 50) was provided a virtual reality simulation teaching process as a novel resource, whereas the control group was provided with a case-based traditional workshop. Because data followed a normal distribution, it was analyzed with Student t test for independent samples, the group sample comparison, and analysis of variance, to find differences among age subgroups. Significant changes were observed at the time of evaluating the skills for the intervention group ( P < .01) in comparison with the control group. Both interventions are effective after the first evaluation; however, virtual reality-based intervention stands above the usual method and showed better results in older students.

Patient experience in automated peritoneal dialysis with telemedicine monitoring during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico: Qualitative study.

AIM: The aim of the study was to understand the experiences of patients on automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) during the period of confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN: Qualitative exploratory study, phenomenological through semi-structured telephone interview. METHOD: A priori sampling was carried out with patients on APD with remote monitoring and telephone follow-up, in 13 hospitals in Mexico. RESULTS: Twenty-nine informants, mean age 45.41 ± 16.93; 15 women and 14 men. The analysis revealed four categories of analysis: home isolation, clinical follow-up, socioeconomic challenges and infodemic. The experiences of these patients led them to somatize emotions, presenting symptoms such as anxiety, sadness, loneliness, sleep, eating and digestive disorders, situation that sets the tone for future research on telemedicine care models, coping styles, emotional support strategies and socioeconomic impact on patients with chronic home treatments during the pandemic.

Best Nursing Intervention Practices to Prevent Non-Communicable Disease: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: To explore nursing health education interventions for non-communicable disease patients. Methods: The design was a systematic review of research work published between 2008 and 2018. The data sources included the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, COCHRANE, and LILACS. The studies that met the inclusion were assessed, and the analysis for methodological quality through the recommended tools CASPe, and JADAD. Results: Fifteen original studies from eight counties were included in the review; Findings revealed 13 studies with randomized samples and six used power analysis. Nurses' interventions included house calls, home care, and individual and group health education. Conclusion: Nursing interventions showed 76.4% the effectiveness of results in patient outcomes to promote and improve healthier lifestyles and quality of life of non-communicable disease patients. This review discloses the significant impact of nursing health education interventions. Nursing leadership and political decision-makers should consider providing programs to enhance health education knowledge and abilities. All of this can favor the sustainability of the global economy by changing the life style of thousands of people worldwide. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42020208809.

"Comprehensive Care" Concept in Nursing: Systematic Review / Concepto de "Cuidados Integrales" en Enfermería: Revisión sistemática / Conceito de "Cuidado Integral" em Enfermagem: Revisão Sistemática

Introduction. Integrated health care is a concept widely used in the planning and organisation of nursing care. It is a highly topical concept, but at the same time it is deeply rooted in the theory and models of Nursing right from its inception as a science. There is no clear, agreed definition that describes it. Objective. To systematise the knowledge available on the concept of "comprehensive care" in Nursing from the point of view of nursing care, its domains and characteristics. Methods. A literature search has been carried out in several languages (Spanish, Portuguese, English and Romanian) in the databases Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, PubMed, Cochrane and Dialnet, covering the period between 2013 and 2019. The search terms used were: comprehensive health care, health and nursing. Prospero register 170327. Results. Sixteen documents were identified, which grouped 8 countries, mainly Brazil, being the country with the highest output on this context­ 10 documents were found within the qualitative paradigm and 6 quantitative ones. The concept "Comprehensive Care" is commonly used to refer to comprehensive nursing care techniques, protocols, programmes and plans, covering care in all aspects of the individual as a complement to or independent of the clinical needs arising from health care. Conclusion. The definition of features pertaining to the concept "Comprehensive Care" encourages the use and standardisation of nursing care plans, improving patient follow-up, the detection of new risk factors, complications and new health problems not related to the reason for admission. This increases the capacity for prevention and improves the patient's quality of life, and their primary and/or family caregivers, which translates into lower costs in the health system

Antecedentes. El cuidado integral en términos de salud es un concepto muy utilizado en la planificación y organización de los cuidados enfermeros. Es un concepto muy actual, pero a la vez muy arraigado en la teoría y los modelos de Enfermería desde sus principios cómo ciencia. No obstante, no existe una definición clara, consensuada que lo describa. Objetivo.Sistematizar los conocimientos disponibles sobre el concepto de "cuidado integral" en Enfermería desde el punto de vista del cuidado de enfermería, sus dominios y características.Métodos.Revisión sistemática de la información en idioma inglés, español, romaní y portugués en las siguientes bases de datos: Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, PubMed, Cochrane y Dialnet. Dicha búsqueda abarcó el período comprendido entre 2013 y 2020. Los términos usados fueron: comprehensive health care, health and nursing. Prospero register 170327. Resultados.Se identificaron dieciséis documentos, que agruparon a 8 países, principalmente Brasil, siendo el país con mayor producción en este contexto, se encontraron 10 documentos dentro del paradigma cualitativo y 4 cuantitativos. El concepto "Cuidados Integrales" es comúnmente utilizado para referirse a las técnicas, protocolos, programas y planes de cuidados integrales de enfermería, que abarcan el cuidado en todos los aspectos del individuo como complemento o independiente de las necesidades clínicas derivadas del cuidado de la salud. Conclusión.La definición de características propias del concepto "Cuidados Integrales" favorece la utilización y estandarización de los planes de cuidados de enfermería, mejorando el seguimiento de los pacientes, detectando nuevos factores de riesgo, complicaciones y nuevos problemas de salud no relacionados con el motivo de ingreso. Esto aumenta la capacidad de prevención y mejora la calidad de vida del paciente y de sus cuidadores principales y familiares, lo que se traduce en menores costes en el sistema sanitario.

Antecedentes. O cuidado integral em saúde é um conceito amplamente utilizado no planejamento e organização da assistência de enfermagem. É um conceito muito atual, mas ao mesmo tempo profundamente enraizado na teoria e nos modelos de Enfermagem desde seus primórdios como ciência. No entanto, não existe uma definição clara e consensual que a descreva. Objetivo. Sistematizar o conhecimento disponível sobre o conceito de "cuidado integral" em Enfermagem sob o ponto de vista do cuidado de enfermagem, seus domínios e características. Métodos. Revisão sistemática de informações em inglês, espanhol, romani e português nas seguintes bases de dados: Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, PubMed, Cochrane e Dialnet. Essa busca abrangeu o período entre 2013 e 2020. Os termos utilizados foram: atenção integral à saúde, saúde. e enfermagem. Registro Prospero 170327 Resultados. Foram identificados 16 documentos, que agruparam 8 países, principalmente o Brasil, sendo o país com maior produção neste contexto, foram encontrados 10 documentos dentro do paradigma qualitativo e 4 quantitativos. O conceito "Cuidado Integral" é comumente utilizado para se referir às técnicas, protocolos, programas e planos de assistência integral de enfermagem, que englobam o cuidado em todos os aspectos do indivíduo como complemento ou independente das necessidades clínicas derivadas do cuidado em saúde. Conclusão.A definição das características do conceito "Cuidado Integral" favorece a utilização e padronização dos planos de assistência de enfermagem, melhorando o acompanhamento do paciente, detectando novos fatores de risco, complicações e novos problemas de saúde não relacionados ao motivo da internação. Isso aumenta a capacidade de prevenção e melhora a qualidade de vida do paciente e de seus cuidadores primários e familiares, o que se traduz em menores custos no sistema de saúde.

Relationship Between the Gut Microbiota and Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, scientific research on the gut microbiota and their relationship with some diseases, including neurological ones, has notably increased. As a result of these investigations, the so-called gut-brain axis arises. Despite its influence on the evolution and development of cognitive impairment, the gut-brain axis is little defined and demonstrated. OBJECTIVE: To provide the best scientific evidence available on the relationship between the gut microbiota and Alzheimer's disease. METHOD: Systematic and narrative review of the information generated in the last 5 years in national and international databases, in English and Spanish. RESULTS: Eight observational studies were selected, carried out in humans and, therefore, suitable for inclusion in this review. CONCLUSION: The results of these studies support the hypothesis that there is a relationship between the gut microbiota and cognitive disorders through the gut-brain axis. However, today, there is a substantial lack of human studies, especially clinical trials, which makes it difficult to formulate clinical recommendations on this topic.

"Comprehensive Care" Concept in Nursing: Systematic Review.

INTRODUCTION: Integrated health care is a concept widely used in the planning and organisation of nursing care. It is a highly topical concept, but at the same time it is deeply rooted in the theory and models of Nursing right from its inception as a science. There is no clear, agreed definition that describes it. OBJETIVE: To systematise the knowledge available on the concept of "comprehensive care" in Nursing from the point of view of nursing care, its domains and characteristics. METHODS: A literature search has been carried out in several languages (Spanish, Portuguese, English and Romanian) in the databases Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, PubMed, Cochrane and Dialnet, covering the period between 2013 and 2019. The search terms used were: comprehensive health care, health and nursing. Prospero register 170327. RESULTS: Sixteen documents were identified, which grouped 8 countries, mainly Brazil, being the country with the highest output on this context 10 documents were found within the qualitative paradigm and 6 quantitative ones. The concept "Comprehensive Care" is commonly used to refer to comprehensive nursing care techniques, protocols, programmes and plans, covering care in all aspects of the individual as a complement to or independent of the clinical needs arising from health care. CONCLUSIONS: The definition of features pertaining to the concept "Comprehensive Care" encourages the use and standardisation of nursing care plans, improving patient follow-up, the detection of new risk factors, complications and new health problems not related to the reason for admission.This increases the capacity for prevention and improves the patients quality of life, and their primary and/or family caregivers, which translates into lower costs in the health system.

A COVID-19 pandemic-specific, structured care process for peritoneal dialysis patients facilitated by telemedicine: Therapy continuity, prevention, and complications management.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared a pandemic. Peritoneal dialysis (PD), being a home therapy, allows for physical distancing measures and movement restrictions. In order to prevent COVID-19 contagioun among the Dominican Republic National Health System PD program patients, a follow-up virtual protocol for this group was developed. The aim of this study is to outline the protocol established by the PD program's healthcare team using telemedicine in order to avoid COVID-19 transmission and to report initial results and outcomes of this initiative. This is an observational prospective longitudinal study with 946 patients being treated in seven centers distributed throughout the country between April 1 and June 30. The protocol was implemented focusing on the patient follow-up; risk mitigation data were registered and collected from electronic records. During the follow-up period, 95 catheters were implanted, 64 patients initiated PD, and the remaining were in training. A total of 9532 consultations were given by the different team specialists, with 8720 (91%) virtual and 812 (9%) face-to-face consultations. The transfer rate to hemodialysis was 0.29%, whereas the peritonitis rate was 0.11 episode per patient/year. Eighteen adults tested positive for COVID-19. The implementation of the protocol and telemedicine utilization have ensured follow-up and monitoring, preserved therapy, controlled complications, and PD lives protected.

Enfermería de práctica avanzada en tiempos de COVID-19. Revisión sistemática / Advanced practice nursing in times of COVID­19. Systematic review

Introducción: esta revisión sistemática destaca la enfermería de práctica avanzada (EPA) ante la atención en primera línea de defensa frente a la pandemia por COVID­19. Objetivo: sistematizar la información publicada recientemente sobre la EPA en la atención de pacientes afectados por COVID­19. Metodología: revisión narrativa sistematizada, como método científico para la identificación, recolección, evaluación y síntesis de la evidencia científica existente desde el inicio de la pandemia por COVID­19, de diciembre de 2019 a mayo de 2020. Las bases de datos consultadas fueron: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus y Dialnet. Resultados: se incluyeron 10 documentos: siete de China (70%), dos de Estados Unidos (20%) y uno de Canadá (10%) que recoge datos de países de Latinoamérica. Los estudios encontrados varían en el objetivo; seis de ellos se enfocan en la percepción de las enfermeras sobre las medidas de higiene y seguridad en atención directa al paciente, recomendaciones para reducir el riesgo de infección de las enfermeras y documentos enfocados en presentar formas de innovación para reducir el uso innecesario de equipo de protección personal. Conclusión: las acciones de la EPA son muy importantes para dar respuesta a las necesidades de atención ante la pandemia mundial por COVID­19 en todos los niveles, tanto en el paciente ambulatorio hospitalizado como en la participación en la gestión y organización de servicios, a fin de dar respuesta inmediata a una gran demanda sanitaria y social.

Introduction: This systematic review highlights the advanced practice nursing (APN) in the front line of care against the COVID­19 pandemic. Objective: To systematize the recently published information on APN in the care of patients affected by COVID­19. Methods: Systematic narrative review, as a scientific method for identifying, collecting, evaluating and synthesizing the existing scientific evidence, from the start of the COVID­19 pandemic, from December 2019 to May 2020.The databases consulted were PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Dialnet. Results: 10 documents were included, seven from China (70%), two from the USA (20%), and one from Canada (10%) which collects data from Latin American countries. The studies found vary in the objective; six of them focus on nurses' perception of hygiene and safety strategies in direct patient care, recommendations to reduce the risk of infection of nurses, and documents focused on presenting strategies for innovation to reduce unnecessary use of personal protective equipment. Conclusion: The measures of APN are very important to respond to the care needs in the face of the COVID­19 global pandemic at all levels, both in hospitalized outpatients and in participation in the management and organization of services, in order to respond immediately to a great health and social demand.

Diseño y validación de una lista de verificación para evaluar acciones de prevención y tratamiento de úlceras por presión / Design and validation of a checklist to evaluate pressure ulcer prevention and treatment actions

Introducción: en el plano nacional, las úlceras por presión suponen un grave problema de salud, tanto por las estancias hospitalarias prolongadas y el incremento de los costos de atención como por la disminución de la calidad de vida del paciente y sus familiares. Dado que el 95% de éstas puede ser evitable, se requieren estrategias para garantizar la seguridad del paciente y la calidad del cuidado. Objetivo: diseñar y validar una lista de verificación para evaluar las acciones de prevención y tratamiento de las úlceras por presión. Metodología: estudio para mejorar la calidad de la atención, con un abordaje mixto en dos etapas; para la etapa de diseño se realizó un grupo focal con expertos y para la validación de contenido se aplicó el método Delphi. Resultados: el diseño de la lista de verificación se integró con dos dimensiones: un protocolo de prevención de úlceras por presión y un protocolo de tratamiento de las úlceras por presión; la validez del contenido global proporcionada por los expertos fue de 0.92. Por otro lado, la consistencia interna mediante Kuder-Richardson fue > 0.78 para el protocolo de prevención de úlceras por presión y de 0.86 para el protocolo de tratamiento de las úlceras por presión, con una significancia estadística menor p < 0.05. Conclusión: la lista de verificación, como instrumento gerencial, se considera válido, ya que cumple con los criterios científicos exigidos para la planificación del cuidado seguro y libre de riesgos, lo cual satisface los requerimientos legales respecto de la continuidad de los cuidados, en este caso para evaluar las acciones de prevención y tratamiento de las úlceras por presión.

Introduction: Nationwide, pressure ulcers represent a serious health problem, both due to long hospital stays and the increase in care costs, as well as due to the decrease in the quality of life of the patient and their families. Given that 95% of these can be avoidable, improvement strategies are required to guarantee patient safety and quality of care. Objective: To design and validate a checklist to evaluate the actions of prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers. Methods: Study to improve the quality of care, with a mixed approach, in two stages. For the design stage, a focus group with experts was carried out and the Delphi method was applied for content validation. Results: The design of the checklist was composed of two dimensions: I. Protocol for the Prevention of Pressure Ulcers and II. Pressure Ulcer Treatment Protocol, the global content validity provided by the experts was 0.92. On the other hand, the internal consistency using Kuder-Richardson was higher than 0.78 for I. Pressure Ulcer Prevention Protocol, and 0.86 for II. Pressure Ulcer Treatment Protocol, with a lower statistical significance p = <0.05. Conclusion: The checklist, as a management instrument, is considered valid, since it meets the scientific criteria required for planning safe and risk-free care, which satisfies the legal requirements regarding continuity of care, in this case, to evaluate the actions of prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers.

The Implementation of Nursing Specialties in Spain, 2005-2018: A Documental Study.

Nursing specialization is considered a significant professional requirement to meet the challenges and needs of the health systems under evolving epidemiological patterns and scientific, technological, and social advances. In Spain, experiences in the training of specialist nurses have followed the same pattern and have been consolidated through legislation. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of the Spanish Nursing Specialty process according to the Royal Decree 450/2005. It used the documentary and systematic analysis method: a systematic review of official regulation documents published in the State Official Bulletin of Spain, Spanish legislative and historical nursing inventories, and other nursing-specific literature. This study shows an extensive account of nursing specialties' development process through a rather long period in Spain. It evidences the complexity involved to ensure legislative legality. The study also points to the need for homogeneity within the programs across the national territory and legal definition for specialty practice. This study could be an illustration to stimulate other nurse leaders in the world working in regulation and nursing specialty development to empower nurses' development and enhance the nurse specialists' contribution to archive the needs of the health system and healthcare of the population. HIGHLIGHTS:.

Diseño y validación de un nuevo registro clínico de enfermería, para la continuidad de los cuidados y seguridad del paciente en hemodiálisis / Design and validation of a new nursing clinical registry for the continuity of care and patient safety in hemodialysis

Introducción: Diseñar y Validar una herramienta para la mejora del proceso de atención en enfermería en una unidad de hemodiálisis de un hospital de segundo nivel. Material y Método: Se desarrolló un estudio de mejora de la calidad de la atención, en el Hospital General Regional nº 1 "Vicente Guerrero" en Guerrero, (México), entre mayo-agosto de 2017. Se modificó la hoja de registros clínicos de enfermería de la unidad de hemodiálisis en dos etapas. Para la etapa de diseño se realizó un grupo focal con expertos y para la validación de contenido se aplicó el método Delphi. Los datos recolectados se procesaron y analizaron en el programa estadístico SPSS V.22. Resultados: El 70% de los expertos consideró el instrumento como bueno en cuanto a la calidad del registro. Hubo una discrepancia en el diseño encontrándose como parcialmente eficiente (70%) ya que cada experto evaluó de acuerdo al área que dominaba. Se incorporaron todas las observaciones realizadas en el diseño final. Conclusión: El instrumento se considera válido, proporcionando información adecuada del paciente previo al tratamiento hemodialítico, lo cual satisface los requerimientos legales respecto a la continuidad de los cuidados

Objective: To design and validate a tool for improving nursing care process in a hemodialysis unit of a secondary level hospital. Material and Method: A quality improvement study was developed at Regional General Hospital N°1 Vicente Guerrero in Guerrero, Mexico, between may-august 2017. Hemodialysis nurse clinical record sheet was modified in two stages. For the design stage, a focus group with experts was carried out and for content validation, Delphi method was applied. The collected data were processed and analyzed with statistics program SPSS V.22. Results: 70% of experts considered the instrument as good in terms of quality of the record. There was a discrepancy in the design, considered partially efficient (70%), since each expert evaluated according the area that dominated. All the observations made were included in the final design. Conclusion: The instrument is valid, giving the right information about the patient prior to hemodialysis, satisfying legal requirements regarding the continuity of care

Factores asociados al desarrollo de eventos adversos en pacientes con hemodiálisis en Guerrero, México / Factors associated with the development of adverse events in hemodialysis patients in Guerrero, Mexico

Objetivo: Determinar los eventos adversos más prevalentes y los factores asociados a su desarrollo en el paciente que se somete a hemodiálisis en el estado de Guerrero, México. Material y Método: Estudio observacional, longitudinal, retrospectivo en 157 pacientes en hemodiálisis afiliados al Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social en Guerrero, atendidos en 5 unidades privadas y 2 públicas. Se recolectaron variables socio-demográficas, mediciones de laboratorio, evolución de la enfermedad, complicaciones propias de la enfermedad y del tratamiento dialítico. Resultados: Los eventos adversos se presentaron en el 73% de la población estudiada, la principal causa etiológica fue Diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) e hipertensión arterial. Los eventos adversos más frecuentes fueron: hipotensión (35,5%) infección de angioacceso (24%), cefalea (22,3%), crisis hipertensiva (14,5%), mareos (9,9%), escalofríos (9,9%), y trombosis de fístula arteriovenosa (9,9%). Los factores que se asociaron a su desarrollo fueron: pacientes mayores de 65 años, (OR=6,859IC 95%;1,55-30,35), ser obeso, (OR=1,70, IC95%:1,60-4,81), e hipoalbuminemia (OR=0,251, IC 95%: 0,160-0,593). Conclusión: Los pacientes mayores de 65 años, obesos, con hipertensión diastólica e hipoalbuminemia tienen mayor probabilidad de desarrollar eventos adversos durante el periodo de hemodiálisis

Objective: To determine the most prevalent adverse events and the risk factors associated in the patient undergoing hemodialysis in the state of Guerrero, Mexico. Material and Method: Observational, longitudinal, retrospective study in 157 hemodialysis patients affiliated to the Mexican Institute of Social Security in Guerrero, assisted in 5 private and 2 public units. Socio-demographic variables, laboratory measurements, evolution of the disease, complications of the disease and dialysis treatment were collected. Results: Adverse events occurred in 73% of the studied population, the main etiological cause was Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) and arterial hypertension. The most frequent adverse events were: hypotension (35.5%) angioaccess infection (24.0%), headache (22.3%), hypertensive crisis (14.5%), dizziness (9.9%), chills (9.9%), and thrombosis of arteriovenous fistula (9.9%). The associated risk factors: patients over 65, (OR=6.859, 95% CI:1.55-30.35) being obese, (OR=1.70, 95% CI: 1.60-4.81), and hypoalbuminemia (OR=0.251, 95% CI:0.160-0.593). Conclusion: Patients over 65, obese, with diastolic hypertension and hypoalbuminemia are more likely to develop adverse events during the hemodialysis

Cumplimiento de las dimensiones del indicador Correlación de indicaciones médicas con acciones de enfermería / Compliance with the dimensions of the indicator Correlation of medical indications with nursing actions

Resumen

Introducción: el uso de indicadores permite objetivar aspectos relevantes de la asistencia, establecer comparaciones, proponer objetivos y crear una cultura de evaluación y mejora de la calidad de la atención médica.

Objetivo: describir el cumplimiento de las dimensiones del indicador Correlación de indicaciones médicas con acciones de enfermería en el expediente clínico de pacientes hospitalizados en Medicina Interna.

Metodología: estudio transversal descriptivo, en 154 expedientes clínicos del servicio de Medicina Interna, se aplicó una cédula de evaluación estructurada con seis dimensiones, referentes a la prescripción médica de soluciones parenterales y medicamentos, transcripción de indicaciones médicas y cuidados específicos o especiales de Enfermería.

Resultados: el cumplimiento global fue del 71%, similar en las dimensiones de Prescripción médica 73% y en Transcripción de indicaciones médicas 76%. El cumplimiento fue bajo en las dimensiones de Prescripción de soluciones parenterales 41% y en Cuidados específicos o especiales de Enfermería 53%.

Conclusiones: en proporción, 3 de cada 10 pacientes hospitalizados en el servicio de Medicina Interna, están en riesgo de que se cometa error, retraso u omisión del tratamiento y cuidados por parte del personal responsable de su atención.

Abstract

Introduction: The use of indicators allows objectifying relevant aspects of assistance, establishing comparisons, proposing objectives and creating a culture of evaluation and improvement of the quality of medical care.

Objective: To describe the fulfillment of the dimensions of the indicator Correlation of medical indications with nursing actions through the clinical file of patients hospitalized in internal medicine. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study, in 154 clinical files of the internal medicine service, a structured evaluation card was applied with six dimensions, referring to the medical prescription of parenteral solutions and medicines, transcription of medical indications and specific or special nursing care.

Results: Overall compliance was 71%, similar in the dimensions of medical prescription 73% and in the transcription of medical indications 76%. Compliance was low in the prescription dimensions of parenteral solutions 41% and in specific or special nursing care 53%.

Conclusions: In proportion 3 out of 10 patients hospitalized in the internal medicine service are at risk of error, delay or omission of treatment and care by the personnel responsible for their care.

Relación entre las complicaciones y la calidad de vida del paciente en hemodiálisis / Relationship between complications and the quality of life of the patient on hemodialysis

Introducción: Los pacientes con Enfermedad Renal Crónica (ERC) son tratados con terapias de diálisis. Dentro de este tipo de tratamiento se encuentran la Diálisis Peritoneal (DP) y Hemodiálisis (HD). Los pacientes sometidos a HD tienen una evolución imprevisible por las complicaciones del tratamiento y/o complicaciones propias de la ERC. Estas aumentan el número de hospitalizaciones y deterioran la calidad de vida (CV). Objetivos: Evaluar la calidad de vida de pacientes en hemodiálisis y determinar la asociación entre las complicaciones y la CV. Material y Método: Estudio transversal analítico en 157 pacientes en HD (75 hombres, 82 mujeres), mayores de 18 años y con más de 3 meses en tratamiento. La CV se evaluó con el instrumento KDQOL-36, el cual, mide 5 dimensiones en escala del 0 al 100. Se realizó un análisis bivariado, ANOVA y regresión múltiple para evaluar la relación de cada una de las dimensiones con edad, sexo, ocupación, estado civil, escolaridad, tipo de acceso venoso, tiempo con la ERC, con la HD y complicaciones de la ERC y la HD. Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 50.9 años. El 77% de los participantes presentaron complicaciones, 69.4% por HD, 5% por evolución de la ERC y 25.6% ambas complicaciones. En el análisis multivariado se encontró que la presencia de ambas complicaciones deteriora más la calidad de vida que las ocasionadas únicamente por el tratamiento de HD. Conclusión: Las complicaciones del tratamiento de hemodiálisis aunadas a las de la ERC deterioran en gran medida la calidad de vida del paciente (AU)

Introduction: Patients with Cronic Kidney Disease (CKD) are treated with dialysis therapies. Within this type of treatment are Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) and Hemodialysis (HD). Patients undergoing HD have unexpected turn for treatment complications and / or complications of CKD. These increase the number of hospitalizations and deteriorate the quality of life (QOL). Objective: Evaluate the Quality of Life of Patients on hemodialysis and determine the association between complications and QoL. Material and Method: Analytical cross-sectional study in 157 patients in HD (75 men, 82 women), aged 18 years and over 3 months treatment. QoL was assessed with the KDQOL-36 instrument, which, measuring 5 dimensions on a scale of 0 to 100. Was conducted of the bivariate analysis, ANOVA and and multiple regression to assess the ratio v Each Dimensions with Age, sex, occupancy, marital status, education, access type venous access time with the ERC, with HD and complications of CKD and HD. Results: Average age was 50.9 m years. 77% of participants had complications, 69.4% for HD, 5% Evolution of CKD and 25.6% Complications Both. In the multivariate analysis it was found that the presence of both complications deteriorates the complications caused only by the HD tratment. Conclusion: Hemodialysis tratment complication together with CKD complications greatly deteriorate patinents quality of (AU)